Churn and dasher.



, Patented June l2', |900. G. A. NORCROSS.

CHUHN AND DASHER..

(Application Bled Mar. 31` 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

No. 65|,608. l Patented lune I2, i900.

G. A. NURCRDSS.

vGHUFIN- AND DASHEB.

(Application med Marfsl, 1900,) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNESSES: 'N ENTR ATTORNEY UNTTED STATES PATENT CFFICE/ GEORGE AVERY NORCROSS, OF EVANSVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGrNOR TO THE'SMITH da EGGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF BRIDGEPORT, l

CONNECTICUT.

CHURN AND DASHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of `Letters Patent No.l 651,608, dated June 12, 1900.

Application nea March 91, 1900. serai No. 10,999. No moda.)

To all whom t may con/cem.: l

Beit known that I, GEORGE AVERY Non: CROSS, acitizen of the United States, residing at Evansville, in the county of Vanderburg and State of Indiana, haveinvented certain new'and useful Improvements in Churns and Dashers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and'exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My inventions relates to certain improve-` ments in churns and dashers, and has for its object to improve upon the construction shown and described in Letters Patent of the United States No. 581,609, issued to me April.

27, 1897, and also in Letters Patent of the United States No. 633,100, issued to me September 12, 1899.

With this end in view my invention consists in certain details of construction and combination of parts, such as will be hereinafter fully described and then specifically be designated by the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of my improvement; Fig. 2, a section at the linex of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a section at the line y y of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a perspective showing the parts of my improvement in detached condition preparatory to their proper assembly, and Fig. 5 a detail elevation of the dasher.

Similar lettersand numbers of reference denote like parts in the several iigures of the drawings.

In the patented constructions referred to the element which centers the dasher in the bottom of the tub or jar has been maintained in position and as against displacementby the action of a spring; but this has proved quite unstable and unreliable, and it frequently happens that the dasher becomes unshipped;

also, in said patented constructions-the dash-- ers have been so formed that they will not readily operate to throw the contents of the tub or jar upwardly, so as to effect the proper agitation or to cause the proper partial vacuum; also, these patented constructions, notwithstanding that they employ breakers to prevent the whirlpooling of the contents of the jar and the consequent exposure of the dasher, have been found very unreliable in that the current of air which supplies the partial vacuum has been improperly directed at the bottom of the jar and has, in fact, materially contributed toward such whirlpooling. Therefore the horizontal adjustment of the dasher in these patented constructions has availed little, if anything at all, owing to the improper agitation of the contents of the jar and also owing to the fact that the globules of partially-formed butter could not rise so as to be Within the sweep of the dasher in the various adjustments of the latter. My present invention aims to overcome all these objecions and will be best understood from the following description.

lis any suitable jar or tub Within which.

the cream or milk is poured, and 2 is a tripodclamp placed over the mouth of the jar, the

feet of said clamp embracing the upper por` tion of the circumference of said jar. Through one of the feet of said clamp is driven a setscrew 3, to the inner end of which is swiveled a shoe 4, so that it will be readily understood that when said set-screw is properly operated said clamp will be firmly secured to the top of the jar. A,

5 is a frame secured by screws G upon the clamp 2, and integra-l with this frame are vertically-disposed boxes 7, a circular housing 8, and a horizontally-disposed box 9, which latter is concentric with said housing. Within this box 9 is a shaft 10, which carriesa worm-wheel 11, a crank 12 being secured to said shaft, whereby said wheel may be re= volved.

Vithin the boxes 7 is a vertical shaft 13, which carries a worm 14, whichv meshes with the wheel 11, said shaft 13 having an annular groove 15, within which is drivenl the end of a thumb-screw 16, so that it will be clear that the shaft 13 will be capable' of a free rotary movement, but will be incapable of any movement parallel with its axis. p

17 is the flasher-shaft, the lower extremity of which is of a conical shape and is stepped within any suitable depression in the bottom of `the jar, while the upper extremity is IOO notched, as shown at 18. The lower extremity of the shaft 13 carries a pin or feather 19, which fits within the notch in the dashershaft 17, so that when these two shafts are connected in this manner they will revolve in harmony. The disengagement of these shafts may be readily elfected at any time by simply withdrawing the screw 1G from the annular groove in the shaft 13 and then raising the latter until said pin orfeather is withdrawn from the notch in the upper end of the dasher-shaft 17.

19"L is a tubular elongated dasher-hub provided at the top with openings a, through which hub the shaft 17 passes freely, and this hub is secured to said shaft by means of the set-screw 20. Secured around this hub 19 are disks 2l 22, which constitute my improved dasher. The lower disk 22 is firmly secured to the bottom of the hub 19, while the upper disk 2l is preferably loosely secured around said hub, this upper disk being provided with a sleeve 23, through which a set-screw 24 extends, whereby said upper disk may be moved up or down or turned around and securedin any suitable adjustment, for the purposes hereinafter to be explained. The construe tion of these disks is peculiar, and both disks are exactly alike, and each disk has alternating horizontal and depressed portions, the` horizontal portions of the upper disk being i immediately above the depressed portions of The depressed portions of l the upper disk are designated by the numeral i 25, while the depressed portions of the lower the lower disk.

disk are designated by the numeral 26, and the horizontal portions of these upper and lower disks are respectively designated byl In assembling these disks to constitute an approved form of dasher g for the purposes of making butter the depressions of the upper disk are in ,abutment against the horizontal portions of the lower disk, and this arrangement will of course cause the depressions of the lower disk to be immediately below the horizontal portions of the numerals 27 and 28.

the upper disk, as clearly shown inthe drawings. The bottom of the hub 19 is provided with openings 29, which lead into the space between the disks 21 22, so that it will be clear that any partial vacuum created by the revolution of these disks will be supplied by means of air drawn through the openings a and delivered ont through the space between the disks.

t 4In .the dashers shown 'and described in the patented constructions referred to thenpper surface of said -dashers has been perfectly plain, so that there is no proper facility afforded for lifting the contents of the tub upwardly, and also in these patented constructions the current of air as it came out between these disks was directed eitherin a horizontal plane or upwardly, thereby contributing to- .Ward the whirlpooling of the contents of the tub and the consequent exposure of the dasher. In my present improvement, as described, it

will be observed that the surface of the upper disk 21 is broken by the depression 25, and it will be clear that the upper walls of the latter will serve as paddles to force the contents of the tub upwardly,and thereby secure a proper agitation, and it will further be observed that the current of air delivered from between these disks will be directed toward the bottom of the jar owing tothe depressions in the lower disk and the opposite horizontal portions of the upper disk. This peculiar direction of the currents of air causes the liquid in the jar to be so agitated that it does not have a tendency to whirl, and therefore the contents of the jar will always submergc the dasher-plate without the use of breakers such as I have illustrated at 30 in Fig. 1, although I prefer to use these breakers, since they add somewhat to the good effects produced bythe peculiar formation of dasher.

As the globules of butter are formed and rise to the top of the liquid in the tub I am enabled to continue the proper agitation of the same by simply loosening the set-screw 20 and adjusting the dasher in a higher plane, the good results from this adjustment being due solely to the peculiar formation of dasher.

There cannot be the slightest Vertical movement of the dasher-shaft 17 during the opera` tion of churning for the reason that the thumb-screw 16 is so engaged with the shaft 13 as to prevent any longitudinal movement of either of these shafts; but when said screw is withdrawn the shaft 13 may be lifted, so that the dasher-shaft, with the dasher-hub and dasher, may be readily removed from the jar for obvious reasons.

A churn and dasher of this description is very useful for purposes other than vthat of forming butter-as, forinstance, egg-beatin g, the making of mayonnaise dressing, &`c.,"and at times it therefore becomes desirable to create a lesser partial vacuum at the betteln of the jar or to slightly alter the direction of the current of air from between the disks, and I have therefore arranged the upper disk so that it maybe elevated or turned around, `so as to bring its horizontal portionsand depressions in a different relative arrangement with respect to the corresponding portions-andidepressions in the lower plate, and thisfehlure is a very valuable and desirable one.

The tube 31, which communicates with the bottom of the jar, is merely for the purpose of drawing otf the contents of said jar as desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire -to-secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a churn, the combination of the jar, the rotary dasher-shaft stepped at its "lower end `within said jar, the tubular hub secured to said shaft and provided at its upper and lower ends with openings, and the two simi lar disks one above the other carried by said hub at its lower end, each disk havingcorrespending horizontal and depressed surfaces,

ICO

IIO

the horizontal surfaces of the upper disk being directly above the depressed portions of the lower disk while the depressed portions of the upper disk abut against the horizontal portions of the lower disk, the openings thus formed between said disks being radially disposed and communicating with the respective openings in the lower end of the hub, substantially as set forth.

2. In a churn, the combination of the jar, the dasher-shaft having its lower end stepped Within the bottom of said jar, the tubular hub secured around said shaft and having openings at the top and bottom, the lower disk secured to the bottom of said hub and having alternately-arranged horizontal and depressed 

